Vitalik Buterin outlined a new long-term transaction model for the Ethereum ecosystem in a detailed post on September 6, 2026. The core idea proposed by the founder is separating two fundamental components of every transaction: the “action” and “dependency” parts.
Action refers to actual changes to the network state. Concrete examples include transferring ETH between wallets or calling code inside a smart contract. On the other hand, dependencies are mandatory conditions that must be met for a transaction to be valid and processed by the network.
The list of dependencies encompasses various cryptographic verification elements. These requirements involve user digital signatures, Merkle proofs, zero-knowledge proofs, and ensuring that the state remains valid and unchanged when the transaction is included in a block.
Why Separate Them?
Separating actions and dependencies allows validators to verify multiple conditions simultaneously. If several dependencies prove to be independent, their workload can be distributed across multiple computing resources concurrently.
Parallel processing brings a knock-on effect on network fees borne by users. Vitalik estimates that over 90% of Ethereum activity by volume does not actually require full dynamic flexibility. He emphasized that this figure is purely his own estimate rather than the result of official network metrics.
Under the new model, transactions with clear dependency paths from the outset could qualify for lower gas fees. Users can still submit dynamic or unpredictable transactions, but the gas fees could be significantly more expensive.
However, validators must still ensure the reliability of state-dependent checks. A condition heavily tied to account balances or storage limits could suddenly fail, especially if an earlier transaction modifies the same target state.
The EIP-8141 Framework
The transaction redesign concept already has an initial foundation in draft proposal EIP-8141, which governs Frame Transactions. The draft proposal divides a single transaction structure into separate frames dedicated to authorization, gas payment, and final execution.
Implementing Frame Transactions can support more flexible network functionality. The ecosystem could introduce sponsored fees, allowing third parties to subsidize user transaction costs, and even enable gas payments using alternative crypto tokens beyond ETH.
The benefits of frame separation also extend to other areas. Users can perform key rotation more securely and process multiple transfers within a single batch transaction.
Still Awaiting Consensus
The entire new transaction model remains an ongoing research effort. Ethereum core developers have not yet greenlit or approved the full design for mainnet implementation.
Vitalik’s proposal must still go through extensive testing before users can truly experience it. Reported by crypto.news.
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Disclaimer: This article is for informational and educational purposes only, not financial advice. Cryptocurrency assets are highly volatile and carry significant risk. Always do your own research (DYOR) and never invest more than you can afford to lose.
